German : 13 particles

German : 13 particles

Colloquial German stands or falls by an ample scattering of "denn, doch, ja, mal, schon, so. . . ", without which it sounds bleak and impersonal.


1. auch
2. denn
3. doch
4. eben,
5. eigentlich
6. etwa
7. ja
8. mal
9. nämlich
10. noch
11. nur
12. schon
13. wohl

While thay have their basic adverbial use a consistent English equivalent ( auch = also, ja= yes so on. . .), it is precisely because as modal particles, they do not have a consistent English equivalent.

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http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,,15040310,00.html