[寫信用] 彭定康：審視「 一國兩制」真偽的標準 ( Benchmarks )

[寫信用] 彭定康：審視「 一國兩制」真偽的標準 ( Benchmarks )



彭定康：審視「 一國兩制」真偽的標準


審時度勢 -- 香港 和世界應採用的基準


Benchmarks for Hong Kong ─ and the world


89. The world should want China to succeed as it continues its brave economic revolution, and therefore the world will watch Hong Kong with special interest. It will want to be reassured that two systems are indeed surviving and co-habiting in one country.


I hope that the world will judge Hong Kong not by preconceptions but by the evidence of what actually happens here. The sensible will undoubtedly apply a number of clear benchmarks as events unfold. These benchmarks will certainly include some of the following.


─ Is Hong Kong's Civil Service still professional and meritocratic? Are its key positions filled by individuals who command the confidence of their colleagues and the community and owe their appointments only to their own abilities?

─ Is the SAR Government writing its own Budget on the basis of its own policies, or is it under pressure to respond to objectives dictated by Beijing?


─ Is the Hong Kong Monetary Authority managing Hong Kong's Exchange Fund without outside interference?

─ Is Hong Kong behaving in a truly autonomous way in international economic organizations?

─ Is the Hong Kong legislature passing laws in response to the aspirations of the Hong Kong community and the policies of the SAR Government, or is it legislating under pressure from Beijing?


─ Are Hong Kong's courts continuing to operate without interference?

─ Is the Independent Commission Against Corruption continuing to act vigorously against all forms of corruption including cases in which China's interests may be involved?



─ Is Hong Kong continuing to maintain its own network of international law enforcement liaison relationships?

─ Is the integrity of the Hong Kong/Guangdong border being maintained, including the separate border controls operated by the Hong Kong Immigration Department?

─ Is the Hong Kong press still free, with uninhibited coverage of China and of issues on which China has strong views?


─ Are new constraints being imposed on freedom of assembly? Are the annual commemorations and vigils of recent years still being allowed?

─ Are foreign journalists and media organizations in Hong Kong still free to operate without controls?

─ Is anybody being prosecuted or harassed for the peaceful expression of political, social, or religious views?


─ Are Hong Kong's legislators, at successive stages of the transition, fairly and openly elected, and truly representative of the community?



─ Are democratic politicians continuing to play an active role in Hong Kong politics, or are they being excluded or marginalized by external pressure?

─ Is the Chief Executive exercising genuine autonomy in the areas provided for in the Joint Declaration and the Basic Law?



90. Those are the questions the world will ask. We all hope that the world will get reassuring answers.


91. That solemn moment for my successor, to which I referred, will also be a grave moment for me as I leave Hong Kong.


92. Governors have lived for Hong Kong. One or two have literally died for Hong Kong. But all have found Hong Kong, in and out of office, an all-consuming interest. Retired to our grey and green island, past Governors have watched from afar with keen-eyed interest and, doubtless, occasional frustration as Hong Kong's history has unfolded. I shall do the same, carrying with me one frustration, gnawed by one anxiety, comforted by one certainty.


93. For me the frustration, the greatest in this job, is that I have not been able to put my personal view of Hong Kong's best interests to the test which legitimizes leadership in most free societies, the test of the ballot box. But Hong Kong has been promised that its government will develop so that that can happen one day, a day I hope I shall see and a day that I shall be delighted to put down to China's credit and to the credit of those in this territory who have stood up bravely for the people of Hong Kong.


94. My anxiety is this ─ and I want to stress this point with all the strength that I command ─ my anxiety is not that this community's autonomy would be usurped by Beijing, but that it could be given away bit by bit by some people in Hong Kong.


We all know, we all know that over the last couple of years we have seen decisions, taken in good faith by the Government of Hong Kong, appealed surreptitiously to Beijing ─ decisions taken in the interests of the whole community lobbied against behind closed doors by those whose personal interests may have been adversely affected.


That is damaging to Hong Kong because it draws Chinese officials into matters which should fall squarely within the autonomy of Hong Kong. If we in Hong Kong want our autonomy, then it needs to be defended and asserted by everyone here ─ by businessmen, politicians, journalists, academics and other community leaders, as well as by public servants.


95. And what of that truth which more than anything else gives me confidence in Hong Kong? The truth is this. The qualities, the beliefs, the ideals that have made Hong Kong's present will still be here to shape Hong Kong's future.



96. Hong Kong, it seems to me, has always lived by the author, Jack LONDON's credo:


"I would rather be ashes than dust,

I would rather my spark should burn out in a brilliant blaze,

Than it should be stifled in dry rot.

I would rather be a superb meteor,

With every atom of me in magnificent glow,

Than a sleepy and permanent planet."


97. Whatever the challenges ahead, nothing, nothing should bring this meteor crashing to earth, nothing should snuff out its glow. I hope that Hong Kong will take tomorrow by storm. And when it does, history will stand and cheer.



SUSPENSION OF SITTING



PRESIDENT (in Cantonese): In accordance with Standing Orders I now suspend the sitting until 2.30 pm tomorrow afternoon.

Suspended accordingly at six minutes past Four o'clock.

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─ Is Hong Kong's Civil Service still professional and meritocratic? Are its key positions filled by individuals who command the confidence of their colleagues and the community and owe their appointments only to their own abilities?
香港既公共服務係咪依然專業同埋任人唯才？佢嘅重要崗位係咪由值得同行及社會信賴、以及量力而為嘅人士擔任？


─ Is the SAR Government writing its own Budget on the basis of its own policies, or is it under pressure to respond to objectives dictated by Beijing?
政府係咪根據自己嘅政策去安排政府財務，定抑或係係北京嘅壓力下安排呢？


─ Is the Hong Kong Monetary Authority managing Hong Kong's Exchange Fund without outside interference?
香港金融管理局係咪係冇受壓力之下管理香港嘅外匯基金？


─ Is Hong Kong behaving in a truly autonomous way in international economic organizations?
In terms of 國際性嘅經濟組織，香港係咪係呢方面保持自主？


─ Is the Hong Kong legislature passing laws in response to the aspirations of the Hong Kong community and the policies of the SAR Government, or is it legislating under pressure from Beijing?
立法局係咪依照民意同埋政府政策去通過法例？定抑或係喺北京嘅壓力下立法？


─ Are Hong Kong's courts continuing to operate without interference?
香港法院係咪不被干預／阻撓，繼續正常運作？


─ Is the Independent Commission Against Corruption continuing to act vigorously against all forms of corruption including cases in which China's interests may be involved?
ICAC係咪繼續大力地打擊貪污，就算中國利益可能受損？


─ Is Hong Kong continuing to maintain its own network of international law enforcement liaison relationships?
香港係咪繼續維持到自己嘅國際法執行聯絡機制？


 Is the integrity of the Hong Kong/Guangdong border being maintained, including the separate border controls operated by the Hong Kong Immigration Department?
關口嘅完整係咪保持緊（包括由入境處操作嘅獨立關口控制）？


─ Is the Hong Kong press still free, with uninhibited coverage of China and of issues on which China has strong views?
香港傳媒係未仍然自由？可唔可以自由地報道中國有強烈意見嘅議題？



─ Are new constraints being imposed on freedom of assembly? Are the annual commemorations and vigils of recent years still being allowed?
係集會自由上，有冇新嘅約束被施加？有冇年度紀念或者晚會係咪仍然被允許進行？


─ Are foreign journalists and media organizations in Hong Kong still free to operate without controls?
係香港嘅外國傳媒機構係咪仍然自由地運作，不受控制？


─ Is anybody being prosecuted or harassed for the peaceful expression of political, social, or religious views?
有冇人和平地表達政治、社會或者宗教意見，但係被騷擾或檢控？


─ Are Hong Kong's legislators, at successive stages of the transition, fairly and openly elected, and truly representative of the community?
香港立法會議員係咪循序漸進地被公平、公開地選出，以及真正代表社會？


─ Are democratic politicians continuing to play an active role in Hong Kong politics, or are they being excluded or marginalized by external pressure?
政治人士係咪繼續係香港政治上扮演一個重要角色，定抑或係佢哋被外部壓力排除／邊緣化？


─ Is the Chief Executive exercising genuine autonomy in the areas provided for in the Joint Declaration and the Basic Law?
行政長官係咪喺悲息囉同埋中英聯合聲明嘅基礎下，維持高度自治？
有錯請改



source:


http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr96-97/english/lc_sitg/hansard/han0210.htm



Chris Patten : Hong Kong : Transition (1996)
https://archive.org/details/hongkongtransiti00patt



Chris Patten's speech on his last Policy Address in Hong Kong
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tPPKGqTl2Dk


1996年 施政報告 -- 港督彭定康：審視「 一國兩制 」真偽的標準
http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr96-97/chinese/lc_sitg/hansard/961002hc.doc


1996 Policy Address
http://www.legco.gov.hk/yr96-97/english/lc_sitg/hansard/han0210.htm



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