李榮添 : 歷史之理性 -- 黑格爾歷史哲學導論述析 ( Hoffmeister, Nisbet)

李榮添 : 歷史之理性 -- 黑格爾歷史哲學導論述析 ( Hoffmeister, Nisbet)
excerpted from Lectures on the Philosophy of World History : Introduction : Reason in History. Hoffmeister ed. tr. by Nisbet.
( Nisbet, page 61 )

page 61.

1. There is nothing new under the sun. But this is not so with the sun of the spirit. It movement and progression DO NOT repeat themselves, for the CHANGING aspect of the spirit as it passes through endlessly varying forms is essentially progress.

2. This progress is evident even when the national spirit destroys itself by the NEGATIVITY if its thought, because its knowledge, its thinking apprehension of being, is the source and matrix from which a NEW form -- and indeed a higher form, whose principle both CONSERVES and TRANSFIGURES it -- emerges.

3. Each determinate form which the spirit assumes does not simply FADE away naturally with the passage of time, but is preserved in the SELF-DETERMINING, SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS activity of the self-consciousness. Since this preservation is an activity of thought, it is both a CONSERVATION and a TRANSFIGURATION.

4. Individuals withdraws into themselves and pursue their own ends, and this, as already remarked, is the nations' undoing: each individual sets himself his OWN ENDS as his PASSION dictate.

page 61-62.
5. Division contains and carries with it the need for Unification, because the spirit is itself ONE. It is a living thing, and is powerful enough to CREATE the unity it requires.


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